FactGrid:Print publications data model
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The Print Publications data model is the basic instruction for
- printed materials from single sheets to books
- multi volume publications
- periodical and serial publications
Labels and Descriptions
Stand alone publications
Labels and descriptions have a maximum of 250 characters. The preferred label for an independent publication like a book, a volume of a book (that was sold alone) or an issue of a journal, is:
George Orwell, Animal Farm. A fairy story (London: Secker and Warburg, 1945).
Use the description in this case to state the edition
1st edition (London: Secker and Warburg, 1945)
This is extremely useful to pick the right edition in cases where we have hundreds of editions of one and the same text.
You may use the alias for the beginning of the title - this is useful since not all titles come with a clear author statement, so that it is nice to have another default entry. The aliasses are also good for catch words like "Animal Farm" oder "Robinson Crusoe"
It is, however, not necessary to keep it that way, since the important components are not the labels nor the descriptions but the individual statements. If you have a massive list to feed into the machine simply make sure that you take care of the character limit.
Interlaced publications
Interlaced publications such as an article in a journal can find a short label such as
V. C. Letemendia (1992), Revolution on Animal Farm: Orwell's Neglected Commentary
Use in this case the description to state the publication in which the article appeared:
in: Journal of Modern Literature, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Winter, 1992), pp. 127-137 (11 pages)
Instance of (P2)
The Property:P2 statement is in all publications, whether stand alone or interlaced: Print Publication (Q20), this is useful for the FactGrid browsers to pick the right template.
Type of publication (P144)
Property:P144 is a must on all print publications.
The following list of Types goes from general to more and more specific. If you set the specific statement, that does automatically include the general statement, since we can run queries into the hierarchy of statements with a P144/P3* search that asks for any position in this hierarchy:
- Stand alone print publication Item:Q504627
- Item:Q10517 Stand alone book publication for any book that was sold as an independent article
- Item:Q504631 Volume in an edited series for books that have series editors
- Item:Q504633 Volume that appeared as a continuation, e.g. Robinson Crusoe's part two.
- Item:Q14232 Number of a periodical publication if the item is a particular number of a journal or series
- Item:Q504626 Special edition an instalment in a periodical that appeared outside the series
- Serial publication Item:Q14233 to refer, e.g. to a book series that came with the promise of continuations yet without established intervals
- Item:Q14231 Periodical publication if the item is a journal or newspaper with all its numbers
- Item:Q270787 Jahrbuch a book series with a yearly instalment
- Item:Q469069 Almanac a calendar with additional contributions
- Item:Q76827 Hof- und Adresskalender ein Jahrbuch mit dem Register der Staatspositionen
- Item:Q10538 Journal
- Item:Q10523 Magazine
- Item:Q173699 Newspaper
- Item:Q173700 Daily Newspaper
- Contribution to / part of a publication Item:Q14238
- Item:Q175367 Article
- Item:Q229509 Preface
- Item:Q504634 Afterword
- Item:Q393607 Prologue
- Item:Q393547 Epilogue
- Item:Q504638 Advertising section
- Item:Q246141 Advertisement
- Item:Q504625 Supplement to a part of a publication designed be used independently
- Preprint Item:Q394504 version of a scholarly or scientific paper that precedes publication in a peer-reviewed scholarly or scientific journal
Articles, advertisements etc. — published in a (self-standing) print publication
Individual articles published in a collective volume, journal or newspaper
You can open Items on any section of a publication — it might be an article in a journal or an advertisement in a news paper. State:
- instance of (P2) — print publication (Q20)
- type of publication (P144) — contribution to a publication (Q14238)
- published in (P64) — state here the publication in which this contribution appeared and qualify with page references
- genre standardised (P121) — to state what kind of contribution this is (article, advertisement, document...)
Archival documents published in books and journals
The model case is here:
The two properties to connect the Items and the publications are here again published in (P64) on the side of the document and publishes (P254) to make the respective statement on the publication.
Editions of books
Exemplary Items
A print publication of which you can buy single copies without having to buy further issues.
We are looking here at the entire edition — not at specific copies nor at "works" like "Robinson Crusoe" or the "Iliad" as they appear in various editions and translations. Ay new edition edition, even if of the same design as the previous, should make a new Item in this group. Each of these Items should have the following statements:
External identifiers
If you are not interested in using the full load of bibliographic details in further searches, just state an external identifier into a data base that gives all further details. Good identifiers for early modern books are the ESTC, the VD catalogues, the STCN etc. Valuable general library identifiers are the PPN numbers or the ISBN.
Description, Segmentation, Collation
- Language (P18) — e.g. "German", "English"
- Format (P122) — "folio", "quarto" etc.
- height (P122) — see illustration
- Width (P60) — see illustration
- Depth, thickness (P61) — see illustration
- Number of pages/ leaves/ sheets (P107) — the quick statement, just the numeral of the total number and your unit ("sheet", "page", "leaf")
- Collation [string] (P577) — to copy a catalogue statement of the books segmentation
- Segmentation (P543) — if you are interested in the breakdown of the individual components from frontispiece, title page and preface to index
- Writing surface (P480) — "paper"
Responsibilities
- author (P21) — state who actually wrote the object in question.[1]
- author as (misleadingly) stated (P20) — give the information that is actually stated.[2]
- probable identification (P120) — if you want to propose a specific identification. Set a note (P106) to state your reasons.
- contributor (P511) — e.g. an author who added an introduction
- Qualifier: contribution (P224) — to state specific contributions (e.g. introduction) to a compound work
- translated by (P24)
- edited by (P176) — if someone is offering a new presentation of the text
- commissioned by (P273) — for the person or institution who commissioned a work
- subscribers (P275) — to state people who subscribed e.g. on a book publication (complete lists should be rather generated and linked)
- Qualifier number of sets ordered (542) — to state the number of copies ordered in a subscription
- dedicatee (P391) — the person who is being offered the dedication
- place of publication (without fictitious information) (P241) — the place of publication to our best knowledge
- place of publication as misleadingly stated (P240) — e.g. "Cologne" or "Pampelune" in fictitious imprints
- Qualifier literal statement (P35) string input for the exact spelling
- date of publication according to imprint (P222) — The standard date as taken from a title page.
- precise date of publication (P96) — use this statement if you know the precise day, week or season of the publication
- Qualifier precision of date (P467) — to determination the exactness of the previous
- printed by (P207) — to name the company that printed a publication
- published by (P206) — the company or person that is known to have published the item
- publisher as misleadingly stated (P544) — e.g. Pierre Marteau, Cologne
To assess the responsibility of the publication
- Context information about (Property:P828) to state author, publishing enterprise, translator for further evaluation
- Qualifier Transparency (Property:P829) to state the transparency of the information with statements like Mentioned without obfuscation (Q221316) / Obviously a pseudonym (Q221317) / Misleading but plausible statement (Q221318) / Stated only halfway (Q402155)
Content
See also the data model for prose fiction for its far more specific statements
- Type of work (standardised) (P121) — Use this property to organise works according to types of production
- Type of work (as stated) (P582) — to state a self-classification in the respective language
- Qualifier literal statement (P35) string input for an odd spelling.
- Target group (P573) — prospective audience, to note specific audiences addressed
- Topic (P243) — the central object of a work
- Genre/sujet (P576) — to note a tradition of works in which similar sujets are treated with the same techniques
- Events mentioned (P532) — to refer to Items that have a P2-event statement
- Begin of events reported (P45) — to date the beginning of a historical narrative
- End of events reported (P46) — to date the end of a historical narrative
- Persons mentioned (P33) — to state other persons mentioned in a text, for instance rivalling authors
- Things mentioned (P256) — use widely for everything mentioned except people
- Institutions mentioned (P232) — state institutions mentioned in a document
- Texts mentioned (P116) — to state open references to other texts
- Inter-textual allusions (P574) — to state implicit references to other texts; use P116 for other texts that are actually mentioned
- Quoting (P306) — to state text(s) that are quoted by the object in question
- Digest (P724) — use this to give a short digest of the text
Books with with various contributions
Model case:
Books with several volumes
There are strictly speaking two sorts of multivolume publications: Those that actually sold in different volumes, which could be bought separately and those that came as a single object which one could only buy in one pack.
- Treat volumes that could be bought separately as individual publications with an item for each volume.
- Treat volumes that could only be bought in one set as segments of the publication.
Books that appear in a series
This is a frequent type of academic publication — a board of series editors accepts books to be published in their series (with the advantage of the series's prestige and its leverage on libraries that collect all the publications of this series)
Create an item for the series
State responsibilities as in the case of journals.
State on a book that is part of that series
- instance of P2 — print publication (Q20)
- type of publication (P144) — book publication (Q10517)
- type of publication (P144) — part of serial publication (Q14234)
- editor(s) (Property:P176) — the persons who collect the contributions and assume responsibility in the cooperation with the publisher
Treat the book otherwise as any other book.
Serial publications, periodicals
Newspapers, journals, term catalogues etc.
Separate between the newspaper or journal in its entire phase of existence (the topic of this section) and the specific instalment of a number in the series (treated under the headline Individual issues of a periodical|Individual issues of a periodical):
- instance of (P2) — print publication (Q20)
- instance of (P2) — e.g. journal (Q10538) or newspaper (Q173699)
- type of publication (P144)
- — Periodical (Q14231, if the publication promised to appear in set intervals (even if these intervals have changed over the years or only a first issue appeared)
- — Serial publication (Q14233), if the publication was just set to be continued without an end in sight like the "term catalogues" of the book trade, or a series of books published an academic context.
- publishing interval (P292 — e.g. weekly, every Friday (Q40452), create items as you need them and note them on P2 as "intervals"
- begin (P49) — to state the starting point of the enterprise
- end (P50) — to state the end date of the enterprise
Responsibilities
See the previous section on book publications.
Four roles have to be kept apart, although they can also coincide - state the same name wherever they do:
- editor(s) (Property:P176) — the persons who collect the contributions and assume responsibility in the cooperation with the publisher
- Qualifier begin (49) — to state when the editorship started
- Qualifier end (50) — to state when the editorship ended
- team (Property:P178) — to name the team that is working under the guidance of the (chief) editor(s)
- Qualifier specific position (166) — to state individual roles in the team
- author (P21) — state who actually wrote the object in question (many early modern journals were the work of a single author)
- publisher (P206) — the company or companies that organised the printing and distribution of the organ
Individual issues of a periodical
The individual issue of a journal or newspaper stands on one level with the Edition of a book treated above. State:
- instance of (P2) — print publication (Q20)
- type of publication (P143) — installment of a periodical publication (Q14232)
- published in (P64) — to state the journal or newspaper or series in whose series the issue appeared
Responsibilities
See again the previous section on book publications.
Description, Segmentation, Collation
See the respective section on book publications.
Articles
see above the section Articles, advertisements etc. — published in self standing print publications
Works
Someone praising Homer's Iliad is usually not referring to a specific edition but to Homer's work (even if he or she never read the original). State
- instance of (P2) — "work" (Item:Q14239)
- type of work (P121) — "work in language" (Item:Q14239)
- primary source (P121) — to refer to earliest sources extant, e.g. a first documented edition or a manuscript
Use all the other statements you are using on documents and publications for information about dates, authors or content.
The property work (P590) is available to state the work context on the side of publications.
Publishing history
- originality of the item (P115) — e.g. "first edition", "new edition", "translation", "abridgement"
- first published (P578) — to refer to the edition on top of the stemma
- preceding in stemma (P233) — use conservatively to connect to preceding in genealogy or development
- Qualifier connection in stemma (P233) — to state what is creating a difference in the Item
- translation of (P63) — The work that was translated
- begin of composition (P39) — use this property if a document has been written over a longer period of time
- date of composition (P412) — use if a text for instance was composed far earlier than the copy extant
- continuation of (P6) — state the preceding volume
- continued by (P7) — state the next volume
Tracking copies
- holding institution (P329) — the library that has a copy which you can describe with particular sub statements:
- Qualifier shelf mark (P10)
- Qualifier exlibris (P413)
- Qualifier bookbinding by (P318)
- Qualifier with manuscript notes by (P352)
If there is no further copy extant
Proceed as you would have done with the real object (i.e. state tat it is an issue of a journal or a book publication) but add the following statements:
- instance of (P2) — lost object Q5
- Qualifier last holding archive of the lost object (P348) — to state the last institution that had the (missing) object.
- Qualifier cause of loss (P347) — e.g. "war damage"
- Qualifier indication the object existed (P52) — to indicate how we know the Item existed.
Subscription schemes
Reconstructing Libraries: Naming the owners of copies
Footnotes
- ↑ If your author uses an apparent pseudonym and you want to collect the information he gives about him or herself as a real human being, create an Item like "Unidentified author Adamantes (1716)", and state with P2 that he was a human being, P154, male, and so on.
- ↑ The property needs an Item-connection and we create Items for the various pseudonyms for that purpose.